Caractéristiques des noyaux

Mise à jour : Debian 9.6

Le noyau linux debian met en œuvre trois éléments principaux :

Sommaire


1 - Identifiants

1.1 - Nommage des noyaux et des paquets

$ ls /boot |grep vmlinuz
vmlinuz-4.9.0-5-amd64

Il a été installé par le paquet linux-image-4.9.0-5-amd64

$ dpkg -S /boot/vmlinuz-4.9.0-8-686-pae
linux-image-4.9.0-5-amd64: /boot/vmlinuz-4.9.0-5-amd64
$ uname -r
4.9.0-5-amd64

1.2 - Versions des paquets linux-image

$ aptitude show linux-image-5.9.0-4-amd64 |grep -E "Paquet|Version"
Paquet : linux-image-5.9.0-4-amd64
Version : 5.9.11-1
$ aptitude versions linux-image-4.9.0-5-amd64 
p A 4.9.65-3+deb9u2 stable 500
i A 4.9.80-2 proposed-updates 500
$ uname -r
4.9.0-5-amd64
$ uname -v
#1 SMP Debian 4.9.80-2 (2018-02-09)

2 - Options de compilation

$ cat /boot/config-4.9.0-5-amd64 |head
#
# Automatically generated file; DO NOT EDIT.
# Linux/x86 4.9.80 Kernel Configuration
#
CONFIG_64BIT=y
CONFIG_X86_64=y
CONFIG_X86=y
CONFIG_INSTRUCTION_DECODER=y
CONFIG_OUTPUT_FORMAT="elf64-x86-64"
CONFIG_ARCH_DEFCONFIG="arch/x86/configs/x86_64_defconfig"
$ sudo sysctl -a |head
abi.vsyscall32 = 1
debug.exception-trace = 1
debug.kprobes-optimization = 1
dev.cdrom.autoclose = 1
dev.cdrom.autoeject = 0
dev.cdrom.check_media = 0
dev.cdrom.debug = 0
dev.cdrom.info = CD-ROM information, Id: cdrom.c 3.20 2003/12/17
dev.cdrom.info =
dev.cdrom.info = drive name: sr0

3 - Initrd

$ ls /boot |grep initrd
initrd.img-4.9.0-5-amd64
$ lsinitramfs /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-0.bpo.2-amd64
/boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-0.bpo.2-amd64
kernel
kernel/x86
kernel/x86/microcode
kernel/x86/microcode/GenuineIntel.bin
.
conf
conf/initramfs.conf
conf/arch.conf
conf/modules
.....

3 - Modules

$ ls /lib/modules/4.9.0-5-amd64/kernel
arch crypto drivers fs lib mm net security sound virt
$ sudo find /lib/modules/4.9.0-5-amd64/ -name *wmi.ko |sort
/lib/modules/4.9.0-5-amd64/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/acer-wmi.ko
/lib/modules/4.9.0-5-amd64/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/alienware-wmi.ko
/lib/modules/4.9.0-5-amd64/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/asus-nb-wmi.ko
/lib/modules/4.9.0-5-amd64/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/asus-wmi.ko
/lib/modules/4.9.0-5-amd64/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/dell-wmi.ko
/lib/modules/4.9.0-5-amd64/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/eeepc-wmi.ko
/lib/modules/4.9.0-5-amd64/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/hp-wmi.ko
/lib/modules/4.9.0-5-amd64/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/msi-wmi.ko
/lib/modules/4.9.0-5-amd64/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/mxm-wmi.ko
/lib/modules/4.9.0-5-amd64/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/wmi.ko