Mise à jour : Debian 10.4 - Buster
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Domain registrar = greffier de nom de domaine = organisme (public ou privé) autorisé à délivrer des noms de domaine
DNS records = Enregistrements DNS = Informations associés à un Nom de domaine regroupées par types. Les principaux types sont :
A record : A record stands for Address record. The ‘A’ record specifies the IP address (IPv4) of a host. Whenever DNS server get a query to resolve domain-name, it will refer the A record to answer the IP address
AAA Record : The ‘AAA’ record specifies the IP address (IPv6) of a host
NS Record : NS Record stands for Name Server record. NS Records maps a domain name to a list of authoritative DNS servers
MX Record : MX Record stands for mail exchange record. MX Records maps a domain name to a list of mail exchange servers
PTR Record : PTR record stands for Reverse lookup record or Pointer record. A PTR record maps the IP address to a specific host
CNAME Record : CNAME Record stands for Canonical Name. CNAME record is used to create aliases that point to other names such as WWW, FTP, MAIL & subdomains to a domain name. Example : a CNAME record can associate the subdomain www.2daygeek.com with 2daygeek.com
SOA Record : SOA record stands for Start of Authority records. SOA records contain information about a DNS zone such as Primary nameserver, Hostmaster E-mail address, zone file seriel number, zone transfer interval and zone expiry details
TXT Record : TXT Record stands for text record. A TXT record is a type of DNS record that provides text information to sources outside your domain. The text can be either human-or machine-readable and can be used for a variety of purposes
SPF Record : SPF Record stands for Sender Policy Framework. SPF is an extension to the SMTP mail protocol which is used for e-mail authentication. SPF record used to verifies that the message came from an authorized mail server or not. SPF is designed to detect SPAM & PHISHING mail sender’s, IP address which was included in e-mail header
DKIM Record : DKIM record stands for Domain Keys Identified Mail. DKIM is an email validation system designed to detect email spoofing by providing encryption authentication to receiving mail exchangers.
http://www.freenom.com/en/index.html
$ firefox https://dnschecker.org
$ host -t A mon_domain.xyz
mon_domain.xyz has address 109.***.***.167
$ host -t A www.mon_domain.xyz
www.mon_domain.xyz has address 109.***.***.167
$ firefox https://dnschecker.org/all-dns-records-of-domain.php
# ou bien
$ host -a mon_domain.xyz
Trying "mon_domain.xyz"
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 43420
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 10, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;mon_domain.xyz. IN ANY
;; ANSWER SECTION:
mon_domain.xyz. 3601 IN SOA dns1.registrar-servers.com. hostmaster.registrar-servers.com. 1589614539 43200 3600 604800 3601
mon_domain.xyz. 1800 IN NS dns1.registrar-servers.com.
mon_domain.xyz. 1800 IN NS dns2.registrar-servers.com.
mon_domain.xyz. 1800 IN MX 10 eforward1.registrar-servers.com.
mon_domain.xyz. 1800 IN MX 10 eforward2.registrar-servers.com.
mon_domain.xyz. 1800 IN MX 10 eforward3.registrar-servers.com.
mon_domain.xyz. 1800 IN MX 15 eforward4.registrar-servers.com.
mon_domain.xyz. 1800 IN MX 20 eforward5.registrar-servers.com.
mon_domain.xyz. 1800 IN TXT "v=spf1 include:spf.efwd.registrar-servers.com ~all"
mon_domain.xyz. 300 IN A 109.***.***.167
Received 343 bytes from 127.0.0.1#53 in 416 ms
$ firefox https://dnschecker.org/whats-my-ip-address.php
# ou bien
$ dig +short myip.opendns.com @resolver1.opendns.com
109.xxxxx.167
# ou bien
$ curl -4 icanhazip.com
109.xxxxx.167